Joo.K

CSAT and SAT aren't too different. I published CSAT books and I have worked as an English teacher at a high school in South Korea. If you are talking about the subject 'English', there is no big difference between SAT and CSAT. However, your gf should memorize difficult English words if she wants to pass the exam and enter a great university. Many English speakers also cannot get 100 scores on CSAT, (but, i got 100 scores). Cheer up

Pronounce of Korean alphabet we will start learning a very basic thing in Korean language. This is the very first thing that people should learn when they study Korean. Some of foreigners think that Korean has too many characters like Asian languages such Chinese and Japanese. However, it's really simple and formatted alphabet, which you can learn fast. The alphabet was invented in 1443 during the reign of the Great King Sejong. There are 14 basic consonants and 10 basic vowels. I will show you both Hangeul(Korean) and Romanization. First, there is 'Basic Consonants'. ㄱ (g/k), ㄴ(n), ㄷ(d/t), ㄹ (r/l), ㅁ(m), ㅂ(b/p), ㅅ (s), ㅇ(ng), ㅈ,(j), ㅊ(ch), ㅋ(k), ㅌ(t), ㅍ(p), ㅎ(h) Secondly, there is 'Compound Consonants'. I think it'll be very hard to pronounce them if you're a foreigner. I recommend you to spend your time practicing the pronounce of Compound Consonants. ㄲ (kk), ㄸ(tt), ㅃ(pp), ㅆ(ss), ㅉ(jj) Third one is 'Basic Vowels' ㅏ(a), ㅓ(eo), ㅕ(yeo), ㅗ(o), ㅛ(yo), ㅜ(u), ㅠ(yu), ㅡ(eu), ㅣ(i) Last one is 'Compound Vowels' ㅑ(ya), ㅐ(ae), ㅒ(yae), ㅔ(e), ㅖ(ye), ㅚ(oe), ㅟ(wi), ㅢ(ui), ㅘ(wa), ㅝ(wo), ㅙ(wae), ㅞ(we) Studying Korean alphabet is very important because we need to understand Korean by listening, speaking and writing. If you don't memorize the sounds and alphabet, you cannot say words properly. I know the pronunciation above can be very helpful, but i recommend you to study them by listening audio files. As i mentioned earlier, we need very special attention. When you are done with Korean alphabet, you can start learning Korean Grammar. If you have any questions, please ask. Writer: Joo.K location: Seoul, South Korea

Learning Korean questions is important because its structure is used in everyday conversation. First we need to know what the role of Korean questions in the structure of the grammar. Korean questions usually start with Wh-questions like 'why, where, when, how...' Let's look at some words of Wh-quesions :party:: who = 누가? (nu ga?) when = 언제? (en jae?) where = 어디서? (eo thee sur?) what = 무엇을? (mu eos eur?) how = 어떻게? (eo tteoh ge?) why = 왜? (wae?) From now on, we will learn how to make Korean questions by using Wh-questions. When did you go there? = 언제 거기에 가셨나요? (en jae gar gi ae ga shet na yo?) how did you meet him? = 어떻게 그를 만나셨나요? (eottioh ge rel man na shet na yo?) Why did you cry? = 왜 우셨나요? (wae ow shet na yo?) Where is he? = 그는 어디있나요? (ge neun eo di it na yo?) Who is he? = 그는 누구인가요? (ge neun nu go en ga yo?) What's your name? = 이름이 무엇입니까? (i reum i mu eo ep ni kka?) As you can see above, the structure of the Korean questions has a logical pattern. However, you must know that the style of the words can be changed. Please try to memorize following words. 누구(nu gu) = who 누가(nu ga )= who, who+ subject marker 누굴(nu gul)= who + object marker 어떤(au tten)= which (one), what (kind of) 무슨(mu sen)= what (kind of)~ 무엇(mu aut)= what 뭘 (mull)= what + object marker 무얼 (mu aul)= something + object marker 어느 (au ne)= which (kind of) 어느 것 (au ne gut)= which(thing) 어디 (au di)= where 어느 쪽 (au ne jjok)= which side, which way 언제 (eun jae)= when 얼마나 (eul ma na)= how many(or much) 왜 (wae)= why 어째서 (au jjae sur)= why 웬일 (wan ill)= for what reason 어떻게 =(au ddo kae) how, in what way If you understand and memorize the words, you will speak Korean Questions very fluently! please feel free to ask if you have any questions. :grin: Location: Seoul Writer: Joo K

Last time, we talked about Korean numbers & ordinal numbers. However, it’s important to know how to use these numbers differently. Today, we are going to talk about some counters. The Korean numbers change slightly when followed by a counter. For example, we use the word '명(Myeong, meaning is the number of people or a person)' when we count people. When we say "one person", we have to use the word "하나(Hana, meaning is One)". BUT, you have to change the word as "한(Han, meaning is one)", it shouldn't be "하나(Hana, meaning is One)". Therefore, the word will be "한 명(Han Myeong, meaning is one person)". 둘(Dul, meaning is two) should be 두(Du, meaning is two). 셋(Set, meaning is three) should be 세(Sae, meaning is three). 넷(Net, meaning is four) should be 네(Ne, meaning is four), 스물(S-mul, meaning is twenty)should be 스무(Smou, meaning is twenty) There is a word 분(Bun, meaning is minute(s)). When you count the minute, it will be 일 분(ill Buwn, meaning is ‘one minute’). It shouldn’t be 하나 분(Hana Buwn). So, two minutes will be 이분(Lee Buwn, meaning is ‘two minutes’). Today, there was short explanation, today because It would be difficult to understand it. Please keep trying hard to memorize the special counters. If you have any question, please feel free to ask me.

Let's learn "Korean numbers" Today we we'll learn two kinds of numbers in Korean language. One is "numbers(숫자:sut-ja)", the other is "ordinal numbers(서수:seo su)". Numbers are "one, two, three, four..." and ordinal numbers are "first, second, third, fourth...". When you want to talk about 'quantity', you have to use 'numbers' instead of 'ordinal numbers'.For example, when you buy 2 cookies to eat, you will use 'numbers' instead of 'ordinal numbers' (you won't say that i want second cookies) Let's find out the pronounce of Korean numbers English numbers Korean numbers [table][tr][td]Numbers[/td][td]English[/td][td]Korean[/td][/tr] [tr][td]1[/td][td]one[/td][td]하나 (Ha na)[/td][/tr] [tr][td]2[/td][td]two[/td][td] 둘 (Dul)[/td][/tr] [tr][td]3[/td][td]three[/td][td] 셋 (set)[/td][/tr] [tr][td]4[/td][td]four[/td][td]넷 (net)[/td][/tr] [tr][td]5[/td][td]five[/td][td] 다섯 (da seot)[/td][/tr] [tr][td]6[/td][td]six[/td][td]여섯 (yeo seot)[/td][/tr] [tr][td]7[/td][td]seven[/td][td]일곱 (il gop)[/td][/tr] [tr][td]8[/td][td]eight[/td][td] 여덟 (yeo deolp)[/td][/tr] [tr][td]9[/td][td]nine[/td][td]아홉 (a hop)[/td][/tr] [tr][td]10[/td][td]ten[/td][td]열 (yeol)[/td][/tr] [tr][td]11[/td][td]eleven[/td][td]열하나 (yeol ha na)[/td][/tr] [tr][td]12[/td][td]twelve[/td][td]열둘 (yeol dul)[/td][/tr] [tr][td]13[/td][td]thirteen[/td][td] 열셋 (yeol set)[/td][/tr] [tr][td]14[/td][td]fourteen[/td][td] 열넷 (yeol net)[/td][/tr] [tr][td]15[/td][td]fifteen [/td][td]열다섯 (yeol da seot)[/td][/tr][/table] on the other hand, Korean ordinal numbers show position or rank. For example, If you are a freshman at school, you also can say that "I'm a first year student." (You shouldn't say that "I'm an one year student") Therefore, we also should memorize the ordinal numbers in Korean language. English ordinal numbers Korean ordinal numbers first 첫 번째 (cheo beon jjae) second 두 번째 (du beon jjae) third 세 번째 (se beon jjae) fourth 네 번째 (ne beon jjae) fifth 다섯 번째 (da seot beon jjae) sixth 여섯 번째 (yeo seot beon jjae) seventh 일곱 번째 (il gob beon jjae) eight 여덟 번째 (yeo deolb beon jjae) ninth 아홉 번째 (a hob beon jjae) tenth 열 번째 (yeor beon jjae) eleventh 열한 번째 (yeol han beon jjae) twelfth 열두 번째 (yeol du beon jjae) thirteenth 열세 번째 (yeol se beon jjae) fourteenth 열네 번재 (yeol ne beon jjae) fifteenth 열 다섯 번째 (yeol da sest beon jjae) Choose a correct answer Question 1: 오늘 사과 (하나/첫번 째) 샀어. (Today i bought one apple) If you have any question, feel free to ask me! :love:

Basic Greetings and Conversation [ Korean ] Today, we will learn about basic greetings and conversation in Korean language. Here are some words and phrases that are useful in every day life. 안녕하세요 (Pronounce: an nyong ha sye yo, its meaning is "Hi") : It is the honorific language. 안녕 (Pronounce, its meaning is "Hi": an nyong): It is the familiar speech. 어떻게 지내세요? (Pronounce: ottok'ke ch nae sye yo?, its meaning is "how are you doing?): It's honorific language. 어떻게 지내? (Pronounce: ottok'ke ch nae?, its meaning is "how are you doing?): It is the familiar speech. 잘 지내요 (Pronounce: chal chi nae yo, its meaning is "I'm fine (in reply to "ottok'ke ch nae sye yo?"): It's honorific language. 질 지내 (Pronounce: chal chi nae, its meaning is "I'm fine (in reply to "ottok'ke ch nae ?"): It is the familiar speech. [glow=blue,2,300]Secondly, let's look at simple words that you can use.[/glow] 예 (Pronounce: ye, its meaning is "yes") 네 (Pronounce: Ne, its meaning is "yes") 응 (Pronounce: eg, its meaning is "yes") -예, 네 can be used in honorific language, and 응 can be used in the familiar speech. 아니오 (Pronounce: an-ni-o, its meaning is "No") 아니 (Pronounce: an-ni, its meaning is "No") - 아니오 can be used in honorific language, and 아니 can be used in the familiar speech. 감사합니다 (Pronounce: Kam sa ham ni da, its meaning is "Thank you") 고맙습니다 (Pronounce: Ko map sum ni da, its meaning is "Thank you") 고마워 (Pronounce: Ko ma war, its meaning is "Thank you") - 감사합니다, 고맙습니다 can be used in honorific language, and 고마워 can be used in the familiar speech. 미안합니다 (Pronounce: mian ham ni da, its meaning is "I'm sorry") 죄송합니다 (Pronounce: choe song ham ni da, its meaning is "I'm sorry") 미안해 (Pronounce: mian hae, its meaning is "I'm sorry") - 미안합니다, 죄송합니다 can be used in honorific language, and 미안해 can be used in the familiar speech. You can use these simple sentences and words with your friends! I hope you enjoy studying Korean language. If you have any question, feel free to ask me

Hello! Thank you for trying solving the problem 이나(LeeNa) comes next to the noun, 거나(Gurna) connects two verbs to each other. So the answer will be 거나(Gurna), thank you for your attendant.

Today we will talk about how to use ‘or’ When we use or link two or more alternatives, we use ‘or’ in Korean sentences. Today, we will talk about the grammatical principles ‘~(이)나, and ~거나’, which mean “or” in Korean. However, we should know that they cannot be used interchangeably. We should know the differences between them. ‘~거나’ is attached to verbs, and ~(이)나 is attached to nouns. All we need to use is “or” as a separate word in English. However, we must attach ~(이)나 to the first noun when we want to say “or” in Korean. ~나 gets added to a noun ending in a vowel, but ~이나 gets added to noun ending in a consonant. Let’s look at the examples to check our understanding: 저는 밥이나 김이 좋아요 = Jurnen BamLeeNa Kimlee JoAhYo. When you look at ‘BamLeeNa’, we can see 이나(LeeNa) comes next to the noun 밥. However, It will look inadequate if you use only 나(Na) without 이(Lee). It’s because ‘Bam(밥)’is a noun ending in a consonant. Secondly, 저랑 공부나 하시죠 = Jurrang GongbuNa Hashi Joo. When you look at ‘Gongbu’, you can see 나(Na) comes next to the noun 공부(Gongbu). As you can see, there is the noun ending in vowel (u). Therefore, we have to use ‘나(Na)’ in the sentence. How about ‘~거나’? we can use ‘~거나’ to connect two verbs to each other with “or”. For example, 저는 달리거나 걸을 수 없어요 = I cannot run or walk. As you can see, there are verb like run, walk. So we have to use ‘~거나’ in this sentence. I understand it’s difficult for you to choose a Korean word (‘or’) in a sentence. When you learn Korean, it’s easy to memorize Korean words. However, we should practice and study Korean grammar a lot. Let’s keep studying together! If you have any question, please feel free to ask me.

What's the -은/는? -은/는 is used to express that a certain object is the topic of the sentence, and it is also used to express that an object is being compared to another. However, you have to know the differences between -은 and -는 when you speak Korean. In English, you don't need to use them because English is more like syntax. Let's start learning how to use them properly. -은 is used behind the noun that ends in consonants and -는 is used behind the noun that ends in vowels. (As you know, the vowels are 'a,e,i,o,u' ) For example, '이 책은 15000원 입니다 (This book is 15000won)'. The pronunciation of the word '책 (pronunciation:che-ak)' is a consonant. That's why '-은' is used in the sentence. Another example of the sentence is '언니는 학생이예요 (My older sister is a student)'. 언니(pronunciation:An-Ni), so '-는' is used in the sentence. If you understand what i'm saying, It will be easier to understand '-이/-가'. '-이' is used behind the noun that ends in consonants. '-가' is used behind the noun that ends in vowels. For example, 'My friend is studying hard(친구가 공부하고있어요)', the pronunciation of the word '구(G-u)' is a vowel. That's why '가' is next to '구'. On the contrary to this, there is a sentence like '여동생이 웃어요(my younger sister is smiling)'. The pronunciation of a word 여동생 (Yur-don-sang) is a consonant, so we use '-이' next to the word. I want to let you know the difference between -은/는 and -이/가. -이/-가 and -은/-는 are used after the subject, but -은/는 can be used to make an emphasize of something, to indicate a certain topic or to compare one thing to another. ********There are some questions below, please choose one answer in each question ********** 1. 제 가방(이/가) 당신 옆에 있어요. (hint: 가방-Ga-bang) 2. 저(는/은) 학생이예요. (hint: 저-Gur) *************************************************************************** **Answer: 1. 이 , 2. 는 If you don't understand, please ask me freely location: Seoul Name: Joo Kang

Online Language Learning Resources for Korean http://rki.kbs.co.kr/learn_korean/lessons/g_index.htm# -KBS runs this website. You can learn Korean in your native language. Announcers recorded the videos calmly and slowly, so it is easy to understand what they say. Pronunciation is written in English. I highly recommend you to study in this website :love: http://korean.sogang.ac.kr/ -This website run by the Sogang University in Korea. this website has various data to learn Korea, but the pronunciation in flash videos is too fast to understand. http://www.glokorean.org/ This is Global Korean website. You must sign up and log in to study Korean. They have different levels for beginners, intermediate level, and highest level. There is only one problem. Even though this website is for foreigners to Korean, this website doesn't support English. http://www.arirang.co.kr/Tv/Tv_About_Content.asp?PROG_CODE=TVCR0110&MENU_CODE=100063&code=Po2&m_view_t=Ab&ptitle= if you like to watch Korean TV shows, Arirang will be a best TV program for you. You can not only watch Korean singers, but also can learn Korean. There are various classes to learn Korean. I hope you try watching Arirang! Writer: Joo K Location: Seoul, Korea

A Korean website to improve the skill of Korean language http://www.howtostudykorean.com This website is very useful because you can not only learn Korean, but also can test your Korean skills. Let's look at the website carefully together. in Unit 0, it explains Korean Word Structure and Basic Letters. I know it's not easy to know the pronounce of Korean language. However, you have to try to memorize the sounds of basic Korean letters. ㅂ= b ㅈ= j ㄷ= d ㄱ= k ㅅ= s ㅁ= m ㄴ= n ㅎ= h ㅣ= i ㅏ= a ㅓ= eo (Romanized as “eo” but it sounds closer to “uh” in English) ㅡ= eu ㅜ= u ㅗ= o Next thing that you have to know how to put the consonants and vowels together. The way is like this: Step 1: Determine if the vowel is horizontal or vertical. a (ㅏ) is vertical, so we will use: Step 2: Determine if the syllable ends in a consonant. Yes, it does. So we need to fill 1, 2 and 3, so we need to use: Step 3: Place the starting letter “b (ㅂ)”, the middle letter “a (ㅏ)” and the ending letter “b (ㅂ)” into 1, 2, and 3 respectively. In this website, you can learn the basic structure of Korean language. If it's too easy for you, you can try looking at the unit 4. As you know, the greatest part of this website is that you can take tests in each unit. :grin: However, you have to pay for the test fees. :amazed: I believe that taking tests is worth after studying. I hope you enjoy studying Korean with this website.

How to read Korean I think many foreign people wonder how to combine Korean letters with one letter. Actually It's very easy and fun! You will enjoy knowing how to combine them. When you combine Korean letters, you also can create new meanings! :shy: Let's start! ㅅ This is a consonant and it's pronounced as 's'. Of course you can't read anything with just this one consonant, so here's a vowel to go with it: ㅏ This is the vowel a as in father. Now, in order to combine them into a Korean character, all you have to do is to try to fit them into an imaginary little square box. This is done by writing the letter ㅏ right next to ㅅ, like this: 사 Can you guess how this character is pronounced? it's pronounced "sa" and it's the Korean word for 'buy'. Easy, isn't it? ㄴ This is a regular n. Can you guess how to write na now? 나 Every character represents one syllable, so if you wanted to write baba for example, you would need two characters, one for each ba. Now it's time for a little exercise. Try to read and understand the following word. 바나나 (hint: ㅂ is a consonant and it's pronounced as 'b' or 'v') Every Korean syllable has to start with a consonant. That makes it easy to identify the beginning and end of syllables, but what about syllables that start with a vowel, such as the beginning of the famous Korean greeting "annyong haseyo"? Those syllables need a placeholder consonant that isn't pronounced. Since its influence on the pronunciation of the syllable is zero, it is written like a zero, too. (That's how you can remember it anyway)

Yes It has same pronounce with the English word. Some English words just have been copied because Korean people have imported many products from America and they haven't had no idea to change the names of products in Korean. For example, 립 (=lip) 스(=s) 틱(=tic). the word 립스틱 was written down by its English pronounce

History of Korean flag Today, let's talk about the Korean flag. There are lots of beautiful flags in the world. However, i love the Korean flag very much. It's not just because i'm Korean. there is history in the Korean flag. King Gojong appointed Bak Yeoung-hyo as his ambassador to Japan in September 1882. While aboard ship heading for Japan, Bak drew a national flag with a taegeuk circle but included only four trigrams instead of eight, and started using the flag on the 25th of that month. he did not have formal instructions published at that time on how to make the flag. In fact, it wasn't till June 29, 1942, that the provisional Korean government in exile enacted a law on the uniform method of making the national flag. The law was promulgated but as the government was in exile, it was not widely known to Koreans at home still under Japanese colonial rule. yin-yang circle, divided equally into a blue portion below and a red portion above, represents the dual cosmic forces of yin (blue) and yang (red). It symbolizes universal harmony, in which the passive and the active, the feminine and the masculine, form the whole. The four trig rams of Geon, Gon, Gam, and Li, which surround the yin-yang circle, denote the process of yin and yang going through a series of changes and growth. Geon, with three solid bars in the upper left-hand corner, denotes "heaven". Gon, with three evenly divided bars in the lower right-hand corner, denotes "earth". Gam, with one evenly divided bar on each side of one solid bar in the upper right-hand corner, denotes "water". And Li, with one solid bar on each side of one evenly divided bar in the lower left-hand corner, denotes "fire." Collectively, the yin-yang circle and the four trig rams represent universal harmony and unity. Taegeukgi embodies the ideals of all Koreans, who have pursued creativity and prosperity under universal principles and truth. I hope it was a meaningful time to read about Korean flag for all of you! :shy:

"Oppa" has two meanings one is "an older brother :grin:" and the other is "a man that you love :shy:" (but the man should be older than you) hehe